311/2 · HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT · Paper 2 · Nov. 2024 · 2½ hours
Section A (25 marks)
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. State two advantages of using archaeology as a source of information on History and Government. (2 marks)
2. Outline two ways in which archaeologists identify historical sites. (2 marks)
3. Give the meaning of the term Agrarian Revolution. (1 mark)
4. Name the main method of trade used during the Trans-Saharan trade. (1 mark)
5. Name one type of land transport during the ancient period. (1 mark)
6. State two uses of coal during the industrial revolution in Britain. (2 marks)
7. Highlight two problems caused by high population growth in the ancient city of Cairo. (2 marks)
8. Name the form of picture writing that was used in ancient Egypt. (1 mark)
9. State the main objective of the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885. (1 mark)
10. Identify the system of administration used in Senegal before 1945. (1 mark)
11. Give one factor that promoted unity among the Shona during the 19th century. (1 mark)
12. State one way through which the arms race caused the First World War. (1 mark)
13. Give two reasons why the Pan-African Movement was formed. (2 marks)
14. Name two financial institutions of the African Union (AU). (2 marks)
15. Outline two developments made in education in Tanzania since independence. (2 marks)
16. Give one branch of government in Britain. (1 mark)
17. Give two levels of elections in the United States of America. (2 marks)
Section B (45 marks)
Answer any three questions from this section.
18. (a) Name five methods of dating fossils in History. (5 marks)
(b) Explain five advantages of using written sources of information in History and Government. (10 marks)
19. (a) Give the first five stages of the evolution of human beings in a chronological order. (5 marks)
(b) Explain five reasons why early human beings started agriculture. (10 marks)
20. (a) Outline five factors which favoured early agriculture in Mesopotamia. (5 marks)
(b) Discuss five effects of the Agrarian revolution in the United States of America. (10 marks)
21. (a) State five factors that led to development of Trans-Saharan trade. (5 marks)
(b) Discuss five negative effects of the Trans-Atlantic trade on West Africa. (10 marks)
Section C (30 marks)
Answer any two questions from this section.
22. (a) Name three organs of the League of Nations. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six reasons why the League of Nations failed to maintain world peace. (12 marks)
23. (a) State three roles of political parties in Britain. (3 marks)
(b) Describe the structure of the government in India. (12 marks)
24. (a) Identify three categories of members of the Executive in the United States of America. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six functions of the Federal Government of the United States of America. (12 marks)