311/1 · HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT · Paper 1 · Nov. 2024 · 2½ hours
Section A (25 marks)
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. Name two groups of the Luo who moved into Kenya before the 19th century. (2 marks)
2. State the main function of the council of elders among African communities in Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (1 mark)
3. Identify two crops which were introduced by the Portuguese at the Kenyan coast. (2 marks)
4. Give one economic cause of conflicts in the family. (1 mark)
5. Name the commission which was set up to streamline education in Kenya immediately after independence. (1 mark)
6. Outline one right of the youth which is enshrined in the Constitution of Kenya. (1 mark)
7. Name two types of democracy. (2 marks)
8. Give the main method of administration used by the British in Kenya. (1 mark)
9. Name the commission that created boundaries of the White Highlands in Kenya. (1 mark)
10. State the main reason why the Kenya African Democratic Union was formed in 1960. (1 mark)
11. Give two reasons for the formation of the Taita Hills Association. (2 marks)
12. State two characteristics of the trade unions formed in Kenya during the colonial period. (2 marks)
13. Name one arm of the county government in Kenya. (1 mark)
14. State two factors that undermined the Harambee philosophy in Kenya. (2 marks)
15. Outline two functions of the Attorney General in Kenya. (2 marks)
16. Give two features of African Socialism in Kenya. (2 marks)
17. Give one external source of revenue for the National Government. (1 mark)
Section B (45 marks)
Answer any three questions from this section.
18. (a) Name five Bantu communities which settled in Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
(b) Explain five effects of the settlement of the Bantu in Kenya up to the 19th century. (10 marks)
19. (a) Identify five economic activities of the Cushites in the 19th century. (5 marks)
(b) Describe the social organization of the Nandi during the pre-colonial period. (10 marks)
20. (a) State five factors that promoted the development of the Indian Ocean Trade. (5 marks)
(b) Explain five reasons for the decline of the Portuguese rule at the Kenyan Coast. (10 marks)
21. (a) Highlight five responsibilities of a citizen of Kenya. (5 marks)
(b) Explain five functions of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights. (10 marks)
Section C (30 marks)
Answer any two questions from this section.
22. (a) Highlight three levels of conflicts in Kenya. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six solutions to the challenges faced by the Judiciary in Kenya. (12 marks)
23. (a) Give the composition of the executive arm of the National Government of Kenya. (3 marks)
(b) Explain six advantages of parliamentary supremacy in Kenya. (12 marks)
24. (a) State three functions of the County Assemblies in Kenya. (3 marks)
(b) Discuss six ways through which county governments promote agriculture. (12 marks)